The Hubble mission team has released a new image. It shows a distant galaxy where one of the most powerful and destructive events in the Universe — a supernova outbreak — took place.

The galaxy photographed by Hubble, is about 600 million light-years away from Earth in the constellation Gemini. The image was taken about two months after a supernova, designated SN 2022aajn, was discovered in this galaxy. The supernova is seen as a bright blue dot in the center of the image, illuminating the hazy halo of the galaxy. It is easy to see that it is brighter than the galactic center. During supernova explosions, a colossal amount of energy is released and at its peak its luminosity can exceed that of the Sun by billions of times.
SN 2022aajn has never been the subject of published research. Why did Hubble observe it? The fact is that SN 2022aajn is a so-called Type Ia supernova. They result from the thermonuclear explosion of a white dwarf whose mass has exceeded the Chandrasekhar limit (about 1.44 solar masses). This usually occurs as a result of absorption of matter from a companion star or merger with another object.
Since Type Ia supernovae have the same intrinsic luminosity, this allows them to be used as standard candles for determining distances. By comparing the observed brightness with the expected brightness, researchers can calculate the distance to the supernova and its host galaxy.
This seemingly simple method of measurement is complicated by the presence of cosmic dust. The farther away a supernova is, the dimmer and redder it looks. But intergalactic dust can make a supernova appear even dimmer and redder. Therefore, astronomers use observations in different wavelength bands. This image combines data from four infrared wavelength bands. Infrared light passes through dust more easily than visible or ultraviolet light. By comparing the brightness of supernovae in different wavelength ranges, researchers can separate out the influence of dust, which helps improve the accuracy of distance measurements and better understand how our Universe expands.
According to Esahubble