A new study on the internal dynamics of black holes raises doubts about their stability and general characteristics that could contradict traditional models, in particular the Kerr-Newman solution.
According to an international team of scientists from the University of Southern Denmark, Charles University, the SISSA school in Italy, and the University of Wellington in New Zealand, black holes can store energy inside in a way that significantly affects their stability and structure.
Black hole horizons
Black holes are considered gravitational objects with a simple structure, but remain poorly understood in terms of their internal structure. The traditional Kerr-Newman solution, which describes the rotation of the black hole and its two horizons, agrees well with gravitational astrophysics.
Another complex issue is the Cauchy horizon that exists in rotating black holes. The general theory of relativity allows us to calculate the behavior of black holes through differential equations, taking into account parameters such as mass, rotation, and charge.
One important concept is the event horizon, the boundary beyond which objects are forever trapped in a black hole. In the case of rotation of a black hole another horizon appears – the inner horizon, or Cauchy horizon. This is a special zone where time-space still has stable properties, albeit limited.
Attempted explanation
However, a new study has shown that massive inflation of black holes is possible even without a Cauchy horizon, violating the conditions of cosmic censorship. This raises questions about the completeness of black hole models developed within the framework of general relativity theory, and indicates that they may be imperfect for describing long-lived black holes.
In a new study, scientists have found that energy accumulation in black holes can contribute to their instability even on short timescales. Raul Carballo-Rubio of the CP3-Origins Center notes that this process has the potential to cause major changes in the black hole’s geometry. The energy inside can exponentially increase until it reaches huge values, changing the shape of the black hole and affecting the external dynamics.
Unlike previous ideas, Kerr’s solution cannot accurately describe black holes during their existence. Stefano Liberati of SISSA notes that instabilities in the structure of black holes have implications for future models that may reveal a link between classical and new theories of gravity.
What does this mean for science? Perhaps it is a hint that a quantum theory of gravity is needed to solve black hole problems. Since Hawking radiation suggests that black holes eventually vaporize, this impermanence may be part of the big picture. At the same time, the results may suggest that the general theory of relativity is not complete, and we need a model that goes beyond Einstein in the same way that he extended Newtonian gravity.
Earlier we told you about what would happen if a spacecraft flew into a black hole.
Provided by universetoday.com
